Example:
Find the asymptotes of y = (x + 6)
-------
(x - 4)
Solution:
Verticle asymptotes:
equate denominator to 0:
(x - 4) = 0, thus x = 4. It is at x = 4 where the function is NOT defined.
Lets see what values of x we get as y increases:
y x
------- ------
0 -6
10 5.11
100 4.10
1000 4.01
10000 4.001
It is obvious that as y increases, x approaches 4 but never reaches it.
Lets see about when y decreases:
y x
------- -------
0 -6
-10 3.09
-100 3.90
-1000 3.990
-10000 3.999
As y decreases, x still approaches 4. Therefore, a verticle asymptote
appears at x = 4!
Horizontal asymptotes:
Divide both numerator and denominator by x (highest power of x):
y = (1/x)(x + 6) 1 + (6/x) 1 + 0
------------ = ----------- = -------- = 1
(1/x)(x - 4) 1 - (4/x) 1 - 0
y = 1 is the horizontal asymptote!
As x approaches positive infinity, y approaches 1, and when x approaches
negative infinity, y approaches 1. See below:
x y
------- --------
1 -2.333
10 2.667
100 1.104
1000 1.010
and x y
-------- --------
-1 -1
-10 0.285
-100 0.904
-1000 0.990
Return to the tutorial